Preventing Dementia and Alzheimer's

Dementia is the loss of mental abilities and most commonly occurs late in life. Of all persons over age 65, 5-8% are demented. This percentage increases considerably with age. Twenty-five to 50% of people over 85 are affected. The most common form of dementia, Alzheimers disease, accounts for 50-75% of all cases of dementia.
Fish

Tucking into more fresh tuna, trout, sardines, mackerel, anchovies and salmon could help you reduce the risk of dementia and Alzheimers. It is well-known that oil-rich fish paves the way to a healthy heart. But recent studies are showing that oily fish has a beneficial effect on the brain.

Eating fish just once a week reduces the risk of developing Alzheimers by 60%, according to a recent study by Dr. Martha Morris and her colleagues of the Rush Presbyterian St. Lukes Medical Center in Chicago. They followed 815 people, aged 65 to 94 years, for seven years and found that the dietary intake of fish was strongly linked to Alzheimers risk.

They found that the strongest link was the amount of DHA, a form of omega 3 fat found in fish. And those who consumed the most total omega 3's (from fish, vegetable oils and nuts combined) had 70% less risk. The more a persons DHA, the lower their risk of developing Alzheimers.

With the right nutrition and the right attitude, age-related memory loss can be prevented.

A study led by Dr. Robert Friedland, a neurologist at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine in Cleveland, combined mental, physical and even social activities in adults, and compared activity levels with the rate of Alzheimer's disease. Friedland's team measured changes in 26 activity levels in 193 patients with likely or possible Alzheimer's and 358 healthy people. Some activities were physical, like exercise and gardening; some were passive, like television viewing and going to church; others were intellectual, including reading and writing letters. In addition to the variety of activities people pursued with age, the researchers also were interested in how intensely subjects stayed involved between ages 20 and 60.

Compared with Alzheimer's patients, people with healthy brains had been involved in a broader variety of activities during adulthood, the researchers say. Those whose activity levels fell below the average had nearly a four-fold increase in the risk of the disease, even after accounting for other Alzheimer's risk factors like age and education level.

What's more, people who spent more time pursuing the 26 activities as they got older appeared to gain significant protection from brain changes linked to Alzheimer's.

In fact, Alzheimer's patients, or their caretakers, reporting doing less of every activity than healthy subjects except one, television watching, says Friedland. TV represents an activity which is often not intellectual, and is not physical except changing the channels.

Nutrition expert Patrick Holford, author of The Alzheimers Prevention Plan, offers tips to keep your memory and mind sharp:

* Eat fish and seeds high in essential omega 3 fats. Sprinkle flaxseeds on your cereal. Snack on pumpkin seeds, also rich in omega 3 fats.
* Eat eggs, high in phospholipids. The best eggs are omega 3-rich eggs, from chickens fed flaxseeds because you also get omega 3 fats. Lecithin, which you can buy in health food stores in either capsules or granules, are also high in phospholipids. Sprinkle a dessertspoon on your cereal.
* Eat slow-release carbohydrates such as oat-based cereals, oat cakes, whole-wheat pasta and brown basmati rice.
* Eat vitamin-, mineral- and antioxidant-rich food like berries, and dark green leafy and root vegetables.
* Avoid hydrogenated fats found in junk food and burnt fats like fried food, sugar and excess caffeine and alcohol.
* Take a high-strength multivitamin, with vitamin E, C and at least 20mg of vitamin B6, 10mcg of B12 and 250mcg of folic acid.
* Test your homocysteine level. (Elevated levels of the amino acid homocysteine in the blood can lead to a higher risk of dementia, including Alzheimer's-related dementia.)
* Use your brain. Keep learning throughout your life.
* Keep physical. Ideally, take up an exercise that helps develop yogic breathing, such as yoga, tai chi or psycho-calisthenics. Dancing to the music helps to improve memory.
* Make sure you get enough light. Spend some time outdoors most days.

UCI researchers identify first compound to block progression of Alzheimer’s disease

Compound reduces hallmark lesions of the disease in mice, improving cognitive function

Irvine, Calif., March 1, 2006

Researchers at UC Irvine have found that a new compound not only relieves the cognitive symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease, but also reduces the two types of brain lesions that are hallmarks of this devastating disease, thereby blocking its progression.

In a study with genetically modified mice, a team of UCI researchers led by Frank LaFerla, professor of neurobiology and behavior, found that a compound known as AF267B, developed by paper co-author Abraham Fisher of the Israel Institute for Biological Research, reduced both plaque lesions and tangles in brain regions associated with learning and memory. Although drugs exist on the market today to treat the symptoms of Alzheimer’s, AF267B represents the first disease-modifying compound, meaning it appears to affect the underlying cause and reduces the two signature lesions, plaques and tangles.

The researchers report their findings in the March 2 issue of Neuron.

“AF267B could be a tremendous step forward in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease,” said LaFerla, who serves as co-director of the UCI Institute for Brain Aging and Dementia. “Not only does it appear to work on the pathology of Alzheimer’s and ease its symptoms, it crosses the blood-brain barrier, which means it does not have to be directly administered to the brain, a significant advantage for a pharmaceutical product. Although we cannot determine what the effects of AF267B will be in humans until clinical trials are complete, we are very excited by the results our study has yielded.”

According to LaFerla, AF267B works by mimicking the effects of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, a chemical in the brain essential for learning and memory. Neurotransmitters act as carriers for messages between brain cells and bind to receptors on the cells’ surfaces. Acetylcholine generally binds to specific receptors in the brain, including the M1 receptor, a potentially novel therapeutic target for Alzheimer’s disease.

Scientists have known for years that there is a major loss of the neurons that produce acetylcholine in the brains of Alzheimer’s patients. Compounds classified as M1 agonists - meaning that they mimic the effects of acetylcholine and bind to M1 receptors – are regarded as one hope for counteracting or compensating for the loss of acetylcholine. Unfortunately, previous M1 agonists had been tested but failed in clinical trials.

AF267B, however, appears to have overcome the problems seen with earlier generations of M1 agonists. In this study, the researchers found that the administration of AF267B reduced the amount of plaques and tangles in the hippocampus and the cortex of the mice, and improved cognitive performance. When the compound binds to the M1 receptor in those regions of the brain, the levels of an enzyme known as alpha secretase are increased. This enzyme prevents the production of beta-amyloid, which, according to a theory known as the amyloid cascade hypothesis, also would block the eventual accumulation of tangles.

“These findings are highly important because they offer a new understanding of the importance of cholinergic activation of cells in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex that are essential for creating and preserving memories,” said James L. McGaugh, research professor of neurobiology and behavior and a member of the National Academy of Sciences who pioneered the study of drug and stress-hormone influences on memory. “The evidence suggests the exciting prospect of possibly preventing the development of this devastating disease.”

TorreyPines Therapeutics, a biopharmaceutical company in San Diego, is conducting clinical studies to determine whether the compound is safe for use. In early tests, the compound was well tolerated at tested doses in a group of young, healthy males.

Alzheimer’s disease is marked by the accumulation of two types of brain lesions – beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. The disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, affecting 4.5 million to 5 million adults in the United States. If no effective therapies are developed, it is estimated that 13 million Americans will be afflicted with the disease by 2050. It is the third most expensive disease to treat and the third leading cause of death, behind cancer and coronary heart disease.

In recent years, LaFerla has been at the forefront of Alzheimer’s research and has made a number of significant strides in understanding the molecular development of the disease. In addition to finding that early treatment of beta-amyloid plaques can halt the progression of Alzheimer’s, he and other members of his research team created the genetically-altered mouse that was used in this study. His work also determined that chronic nicotine exposure worsens some Alzheimer-related brain abnormalities, contradicting the common belief that nicotine can actually be used to treat the disease.

This study was funded primarily by a grant from the National Institute on Aging and the Alzheimer’s Association.

About the Study: LaFerla and his associates, including the study’s first author Antonella Caccamo, a UCI staff research associate, tested AF267B on both normal mice and on special Alzheimer’s mice engineered by the LaFerla lab, which manifest several features of Alzheimer’s including plaques and tangles. The mice were injected with AF267B or with a compound called dicyclomine, which is an M1 antagonist and performs exactly the opposite function of an M1 agonist. Dicyclomine was used as proof of concept; if M1 agonists help improve cognitive function and reverse memory decline, then an M1 antagonist should have the opposite effect.

After eight weeks of daily AF267B administration and four weeks of daily dicyclomine injections, the mice were tested using two different behavioral tasks. In the Morris water maze, mice are tested for spatial reference, a task dependent on the hippocampus and the cortex. In the test, the mice were placed in a maze in a water tank and encouraged repeatedly to locate a hidden platform in the tank by making spatial association in the room to facilitate their search. After the platform was removed, the researchers monitored in subsequent trials how many times the mice would cross over the space where the platform used to be – an indication of how well they remembered its location.

Although AF267B had no effect on the normal mice who were not afflicted with the plaques or tangles, the tests clearly showed that the Alzheimer’s transgenic mice treated with this compound better remembered the platform’s location compared to the control group of transgenic mice that received placebo. Strikingly, all the mice, both normal and transgenic, did not remember the platform’s location when injected with dicyclomine, proving that an M1 antagonist does seem to have an adverse effect on memory. Neuropathological examination of the mice also showed that there were fewer plaques and tangles in the brains of the transgenic mice treated with AF267B than in the brains of the transgenic mice that received placebo. All the mice injected with dicyclomine showed more diffuse plaques and tangles.

LaFerla and his team also used a test related to contextual information and unpleasant stimuli, memories processed by the amygdala. The mice were placed inside a dark box to familiarize themselves with that context. After a few seconds, a light went on and a door was opened to a second, darker compartment. As mice prefer to stay in the dark, they moved to the dark compartment where they were given a mild foot shock. At a later time, the mice were replaced in the starting compartment and tested to see how long they would avoid the dark, shock-associated compartment, a sign of whether they remembered the unpleasant stimulus.

Whereas the normal mice avoided the shock compartment, all the Alzheimer’s mice, including those that had been treated with AF267B, showed impaired memory for this task. A neuropathological examination of their brains showed no reduction of the plaques or tangles in the amygdala. However, the administration of dicyclomine reduced memory function in both normal and transgenic mice.

According to LaFerla, this is because in the amygdala there is less production of the alpha secretase enzyme, which when active prevents the formation of beta-amyloid. Thus, the levels of this enzyme could not be increased by AF267B in the amygdala and the production of beta-amyloid could not be prevented.

LaFerla’s research has shown previously that the accumulation of beta-amyloid within neurons is the trigger for the onset of memory decline in Alzheimer’s. His team also has shown that removing plaques from the brain can lead to a clearance of the tangle pathology, supporting a theory known as the “amyloid cascade hypothesis.” According to this hypothesis, it is the buildup of beta-amyloid in the brain that triggers the development of Alzheimer’s in people.

About the University of California, Irvine: The University of California, Irvine is a top-ranked university dedicated to research, scholarship and community service. Founded in 1965, UCI is among the fastest-growing University of California campuses, with more than 24,000 undergraduate and graduate students and about 1,400 faculty members. The second-largest employer in dynamic Orange County, UCI contributes an annual economic impact of $3.3 billion. For more UCI news, visit www.today.uci.edu.

Putting Ginkgo to the Test

We don't know yet whether ginkgo biloba prevents or treats Alzheimer's disease. Why not?

In the premiere issue of Memory Loss & the Brain, we took a critical look at research on the alleged memory-enhancing effects of ginkgo biloba. Extracts made from the leaves of the ginkgo biloba tree are also under investigation as a treatment for Alzheimer's disease -a debilitating illness marked by impairments in memory, thought, and emotion. But in dozens of published studies, including a major trial in the prestigious Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), the evidence doesn't support ginkgo as a treatment for Alzheimer's disease or for boosting memory power in otherwise healthy people.

Artwork © Corbis



Why the big black hole of uncertainty? It all comes down to the quality of the studies conducted so far. By understanding what makes a drug study tick, you can get some insight into what counts as convincing evidence in medical research-and why ginkgo biloba hasn't yet moved from the dietary supplement racks to the prescription pads of U.S. doctors.

What's a good study?

Scientists conduct small pilot studies, involving less than a dozen people, to investigate interesting research questions. If results show that the research is on the right track, the researchers may undertake larger "clinical trials" to evaluate whether a new drug or treatment is safe and effective. At a minimum, these clinical trials must have three features:

1. Steps to minimize bias
These features of the study help to minimize influences on the test results not directly related to the chemical actions of the drug itself:

# Placebo control: In the best clinical trials, subjects are divided into at least two groups. One receives the test drug; the other receives an inactive placebo pill. It's done this way because people tend to report improvement in their symptoms following any kind of treatment-even an inactive compound, such as a sugar pill). The placebo group provides a way to distinguish actual drug effects from the "placebo effect." (In some studies, the group receiving the test drug is compared against one or more groups receiving currently-marketed drugs, instead of or in addition to, comparing against the placebo group.)

# Randomization: This means that researchers assign people in the study to the drug treatment or placebo group at random, decreasing the chance that people will cluster in patterns that may influence the results. For example, assigning the most healthy individuals to the treatment group could make the drug look more effective than it really is.

# Double blinding. This insures that neither the patients nor the researchers know who received the drug until the final results are tallied. Otherwise, the knowledge of who did and didn't get the drug could influence the scientists or the study participants.

2. Careful selection of subjects
In a well-done clinical trial, all the participants are screened carefully for the disease that the drug is supposed to treat. This sounds obvious, but a lot of health problems have similar symptoms. For example, both early Alzheimer's disease and depression can both cause memory impairments.

3. Measuring what matters
In any drug trial, researchers have to choose an appropriate way to measure the effect of the drug. In trials for Alzheimer's drugs, for instance, participants undergo standard tests to determine if the drug reduces memory impairment and other symptoms. The best clinical trials also check for "clinical significance," or whether the treatment made a meaningful difference in patients' lives. If patients taking a new Alzheimer's drug show a small improvement in a laboratory test of memory, this is all well and good. But does this improved test score translate into a decrease in forgetfulness or confusion in everyday life-a meaningful benefit? Typically, a doctor determines this during individual meetings with patients. Information from family members is also included in many studies.

Past imperfect

Not many studies of ginkgo have met these standards. A few years ago, several researchers in Oregon reviewed all the studies they could find of ginkgo biloba as a treatment for dementia, focusing on those studies involving people with Alzheimer's disease (the leading cause of dementia). Out of 50 studies, only four met the minimum standards for a clinical trial of a drug for Alzheimer's.

Together, the four studies included 212 subjects treated with ginkgo and 212 subjects given a placebo. The Oregon researchers concluded that daily treatment with 120 to 240 mg of ginkgo for three to six months brought about a small improvement in test scores, but it did not appear that the change was clinically significant.

There were other problems, too. Past studies of ginkgo and dementia (Alzheimer's and other types) were often conducted by a single scientist, or team of scientists, on patients recruited in one location. These "single-site" studies cannot be trusted as much as those conducted at different locations around the country, explains Lon Schneider, MD, a professor of psychiatry, neurology, and gerontology at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. Single-site studies "are hugely subject to bias, because at one site the investigator is holding all the cards," Schneider says. "These are never as compelling as multicenter studies." In multi-center trials, any errors or bias contributed by a particular research group has less of an impact.

Another weakness has been the reliance on small groups of research subjects. In the clinical trials to test current Alzheimer's drugs, hundreds of research subjects were involved. When a study involving a dozen or two subjects claims to show that ginkgo helps people with dementia, people like Schneider get suspicious. Was the improvement in one or two people misreported or mismeasured, which then bumped up the average? "You can show improvement with 20 people only when there is an exaggeratedly large and unrealistic effect," he adds. More typically, hundreds of participants are required just to distinguish drug effects from those of the placebo.

The JAMA study: almost but not quite

One recent study of gingko for Alzheimer's avoided some of these pitfalls-the study published in JAMA in 1997. Hundreds of patients with early Alzheimer's took 120 mg of ginkgo per day for a full year, and were tested periodically. The study suggested that ginkgo delayed the progression of the symptoms for up to six months. These widely-publicized findings influenced many people to take ginkgo in hopes of preventing or treating Alzheimer's disease.

But when other researchers took a close look, they found flaws-some fairly serious. For one thing, some of the people in the placebo group did not worsen as much as they should have without treatment. "It was not as it ought to be, and it leaves you wondering if these are truly patients with dementia," observes Paul Solomon, Ph.D., a professor of psychology at Williams College in Massachusetts. Also, the change in mental skills detected by the study was small-about 25 percent of what would be expected in a patient treated with existing Alzheimer's drugs, Solomon says.

Clinical significance

The real kicker was the fact that researchers could not tell the difference between treated subjects and those on placebo. In other words, the study could not prove that the effect of ginkgo on these people was clinically significant. Based on information provided by caregivers and family members, the researchers did document a difference, although it was relatively small: for every seven people treated with ginkgo, caregivers and family members detected improvement in one person on ginkgo.

"The outcome measure that is required in the United States is that observers who are blinded can notice a difference in the patients, and no one could notice any difference," Solomon notes. "If that study was submitted to the FDA to have a drug approved, it would not be acceptable."

The next wave

Despite all the flaws of past studies, the evidence was good enough to launch two new and improved studies of ginkgo for dementia in the United States. In 1999, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Bethesda, Maryland, started a $15 million multicenter study to determine if treatment with ginkgo either prevents or delays the onset of Alzheimer's in older people at risk of the disease. The six-year study will involve 2,000 people recruited at four locations around the country.

Another large study of ginkgo for dementia concluded this year. The study is led by Schneider and financed by Dr. Willmar Schwabe Pharmaceuticals, a company based in Germany. Schwabe is also supplying the daily doses of ginkgo 240 mg/day) for the NIH study. The Schwabe trial is a "regulatory quality" study on the level of the trials on which the FDA approved current Alzheimer's drugs, Schneider says. It involved about 500 people with Alzheimer's disease at dozens of different centers who were given 120 or 240 mg of either ginkgo or a placebo and followed for six months. The study concluded earlier this year, and the first results may be announced this summer.

Leaping over the counter

Today, U.S. manufacturers of over-the-counter ginkgo supplements can make general claims that the herb "helps memory" or "improves concentration." The brass ring for a pharmaceutical giant like Schwabe would be to get approval by the FDA to make so-called "health claims," such as "Delays progression of Alzheimer's disease."

The NIH and Schwabe studies may not provide the final word on ginkgo and dementia. Clinical trials are so complex and difficult, it's unusual for a single study, however well-conducted, to settle a medical controversy like the one swirling around ginkgo biloba. Often it takes many years for evidence to pile high enough for experts to reach a consensus. In the meantime, Alzheimer's treatment will continue to rely on what works: skilled and compassionate caregivers and the handful of medications that won a place in physician's formulary by playing by the rules of evidence.

Further Reading:

The Physician's Desk Reference for Nutritional Supplements, by Sheldon Saul Hendler Ph.D., M.D., and David Rorvik. (Montvale, NJ: The Medical Economics Company, Inc., 2001, 700 pp., $59.95). This frank and science-based book reviews the scientific evidence for ginkgo biloba and other herbal remedies.

The US governments Food and Drug Administration (FDA) maintains a website with information on drugs and supplements, as well as information about what claims a specific product may make: http://www.fda.gov.

To learn more about proven therapies for Alzheimer's Disease as well as research on new ones, contact the Alzheimer's Disease Education and Referral (ADEAR) center. It can answer questions about the disease, provide free brochures, and offer referrals to patients and caregivers. Tel: 800-438-4380, or visit the website: http://www.alzheimers.org.

The study by Oregon researchers that reviewed existing gingko studies:

B. Oken and others, "The efficacy of ginkgo biloba on cognitive function in Alzheimer disease," in Archives of Neurology, November 1998, vo. 55, no. 11, pp. 1409-1415.

A few of the many conflicting studies testing the effects of ginkgo on Alzheimer's disease and dementia, including the JAMA article cited in the text:

"A placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial of an extract of ginkgo biloba for dementia," by the North American EGb Study Group, in Journal of the American Medical Association, October 1997, vol. 278, no. 16, pp. 1327-1332.

"The efficacy of ginkgo for elderly people with dementia and age-associated memory impairment: new results of a randomized clinical trial," by M. van Dongen and others, in Journal of the American Geriatric Society, October 2000, vol. 48, no. 10, pp. 1183-1194.

"A 26-week analysis of a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 in dementia," by P. Le Bars and others, in Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, July-August 2000, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 230-237.

Antioxidants decrease disease in an insect model of Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of a number of neurodegenerative disorders in which brain cells damaged by naturally occurring chemicals known as reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been observed. However, whether this oxidative damage causes neurodegeneration or is a consequence of it has not been previously determined. A study appearing online on December 14, in advance of publication in the January print issue of the Journal of Clinical Investigation, indicates that oxidative damage is a factor contributing to neurodegeneration in a Drosophila model of neurodegenerative disorders such as AD.

Mel Feany and colleagues from Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School assessed neuron cell death in Drosophila expressing a neurodegenerative disease–associated form of the human protein tau. The number of dying neurons was increased if these insects were also genetically modified to have high levels of ROS. By contrast, if the insects were treated with the antioxidant vitamin E they had decreased numbers of dying neurons. This demonstration that oxidative stress contributes to neurodegeneration in this model of AD suggests that targeting antioxidant pathways might provide a new approach for treating individuals with AD and other related neurodegenerative disorders.

Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation

Ronald Reagan's Alzheimer's Letter

My fellow Americans, I have recently been told that I am one of the millions of Americans who will be afflicted with Alzheimer's disease.

Upon learning this news, Nancy and I had to decide whether as private citizens we would keep this a private matter or whether we would make this news known in a public way.

In the past, Nancy suffered from breast cancer and I had cancer surgeries. We found through our open disclosures we were able to raise public awareness. We were happy that as a result many more people underwent testing. They were treated in early stages and able to return to normal, healthy lives.

So now we feel it is important to share it with you. In opening our hearts, we hope this might promote greater awareness of this condition. Perhaps it will encourage a clear understanding of the individuals and families who are affected by it.

At the moment, I feel just fine. I intend to live the remainder of the years God gives me on this earth doing the things I have always done. I will continue to share life's journey with my beloved Nancy and my family. I plan to enjoy the great outdoors and stay in touch with my friends and supporters.

Unfortunately, as Alzheimer's disease progresses, the family often bears a heavy burden. I only wish there was some way I could spare Nancy from this painful experience. When the time comes, I am confident that with your help she will face it with faith and courage.

In closing, let me thank you, the American people, for giving me the great honor of allowing me to serve as your president. When the Lord calls me home, whenever that may be, I will leave the greatest love for this country of ours and eternal optimism for its future.

I now begin the journey that will lead me into the sunset of my life. I know that for America there will always be a bright dawn ahead.

Thank you, my friends.

Sincerely,

Ronald Reagan

Accelerated Disease of the Aged in Alzheimers

Due to economical, social, healthcare, education, and other factors the diseases in our older generation are accelerating. Older people may lack education that helps them to spot signs at early stages, which can help geriatrists find cures to various diseases. In addition, as one grows older they tend to avoid socialization. The lack of socialism has caused acceleration of disease. Healthcare is deficient, which has also caused major problems for the older generation, as well as the younger societians.

With so many continuing problems experts of specialize in healthcare for senior citizens is finding solutions, yet these answers is not enough to stop the acceleration of diseases.

alzheimers is a form of dementias, which can escalate to progeroid syndrome. The condition will cause aging signs to increase dramatically, which shortens the expectancy of life. We see this type of disease in our younger generation as well. Children who bald early, or have hunches in the back has encountered accelerated aging conditions.

The condition moves to form Hutchinson - Gilford syndrome, or progeria. Werners syndrome may also develop early. In addition, various other diseases may follow, including Down syndrome. This is where alzheimers come in, since it is a general condition known as the sister of progeroid syndrome. Downs starts the aging process to accelerate swiftly. The condition affects glucose, which is the sugar source of energy that promotes proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. Blood vessels are affected as well, which starts another disease that leads to intolerance. Gradually the disease begins affecting the entire body, which can develop into cancer. In addition, the disease can escalate to degenerative bone illnesses. Once the bones are hit, thus the body diminishes rapidly. As well, Down syndrome can cause hair loss, which is another symptom of acceleration of aging. Moreover, the disease can cause death prematurely. Down syndrome is damning, since it will target CNS (Central Nervous System), which leads to retardation. The brain starts to deteriorate, which causes alzheimers disease to develop, as well as dementia.

How to fight back

To ward off these diseases early detections must be considered. Most diseases will send signals at the early stages to warn you. If you notice any symptoms emerging, seek medical treatment immediately. Even if the condition is minor, the doctor can move to action to prevent further problems.

The best thing we have in life is the ability to communicate. Use the gift we have, and speak with your physician regularly. Staying informed is another gift, which we have a wide array of information to help us learn. Learning is a beautiful gift and condition that we use to grow healthy. Use it to your advantage.

Statistics has not only shown, but has also proven that those who effectively communicate with their healthcare experts, discussing their condition with the professional medical experts, thus statistics have shown that these people live longer and healthier. Effectively communication however is not only speaking, but it is also the act of joining in the actions to better your health. This moves us back to learning.

When you are informed, you have knowledge that drives you to a well-versed solution. The strategies to take to prevent the diseases include, talking, taking action, partaking, listening, learning (specifically about your condition and overall health), visit your physician at regular intervals, and taking steps with your doctor to prevent disease.

Studies has shown that elders with alzheimers disease also has sister diseases, which counteract the other. To avoid such complications one must consider primary healthcare, and know when to contact the doctor when symptoms emerge. Record keeping can help you continue to monitor your health, which is an outstanding method to reduce disease.

AD Alzheimer disease

AD or alzheimers disease and its patients begin showing symptoms around 25 years after the developing stage. The brain will start to collect beta amyloaid plaque, which builds up affecting the prime intellect. Most patients with alzheimers disease have the illness present at a youthful age, yet the symptoms linger until an older age. Once the disease is present, you can use actions to slow the symptoms further. For instance, you can practice preventions, such as continued education, and memory provoking strategies.

According to statistics, at least one of two families residing in the United States alone will experience Alzheimer symptoms. Statistics claim that around five million American are diagnosed annually with Alzheimer disease. Out of the statistical forecasts claim those over sixty-five has double the odds of acquiring alzheimers.

The United States of America spends billions of dollars annually to treat patients with Alzheimer disease. To stop the disorder geriatrists are recommended that preventive steps are taking.

Geriatrists claim that economics, socialism, lack of education, problematic healthcare systems, and people them selves play a part in reducing the diagnosis. Healthcare in the United States is outrageously priced so that elderly people find it hard to find medical coverage required to treat their illnesses. We see that if healthcare is lowered, the disease count might drop.

Elderly people often isolate as they age, which causes the symptoms of Alzheimer disease to increase. In addition, many American seniors lack education, which hinders them from noting symptoms at early stages. Still, we can ask the elderly to learn and take measures to slow their symptoms, yet until healthcare prices lower, we have a world of disease in our future.

In the UK ironically where medical care is covered, more than 800,000 residents are diagnosed with Alzheimer disease or dementia, which is produced by Alzheimer. In the next 20 years, the United Kingdom has predicted that Alzheimer disease will double.

There are currently around 799,000 people living with dementia in the United Kingdom today, and the figure is expected to twofold within twenty years.

According to the same statistics in a few seconds, someone around the world is diagnosed with dementia.

Globally around 24.4 million diagnoses in the world alone are cases of dementia, whereas another 4.7 million annually will be diagnosed with Alzheimer disease.

The only way you can explain the disease is to review the brain and the causes of dementia and/or Alzheimer disease.

Alzheimer disease is a disorder of the brain. The disorder is outlined in accelerated aging diseases, including Hutchinson-Gilford, and Progeroid syndromes.

Each disease causes aging symptoms prematurely. The disease has a major symptom, which is the increase of velocity in aging. Children can develop symptoms emerging from progeroid. The signs are apparent, which include hair loss, wrinkled skin, dry skin, hunchback, and so on.

Progeroid is also noted in the female reproductive organs. In addition, the males sex glands are signs of this disease, which causes menstrual cycles to cease in one and unproductiveness, or sterile in the male counterpart. The disease can also change the height.

Progeroid has sisters, which include Hutchinson-Gilford and Werners syndrome. Hutchinson starts youthfully, yet as the person becomes a young adult, Werners syndrome develops. The genetic diseases, i.e. at least Werners are a condition that manufacturers scleroderma. Scleroderma is a condition that causes the skin to thicken and harden. In addition, the disease progressively moves to accelerate aging. Werners disease is often akin to accelerated aging, lung disease, and so forth. The disease increases atherosclerosis, which as Werners increases balding and skin conditions.

Atherosclerosis is an artery disease, which increases degenerative diseases, and cholesterol plaque deposits that form in the arteries.

Alzheimer and Balance

When the brain and central nervous system is off balance it causes a series of complications to emerge. alzheimers disease is disorder that affects the intellectual mind, which rests at the frontal lobe of the brain. The disorder progressively causes memory loss, and gradually works into dementia. alzheimers disease kills living cells, which results in the disease dementia. Dementia results subtly. Dementia slyly develops, and gradually robs people of their fresh memories. The limbic system is where fresh memories are stored. Most people with alzheimers will forget immediately after a visitor leaves.

The limbic system connects to the Central Nervous System and makes up the brains nuclei system. The systems intersect to convey critical emotional needs, including pain, hunger, contentment, joy, sex, and inborn incentives. Dementia sets in and slyly affects the limbic system. Dementia causes depression at the beginning in some instances. Depression emerges fear, which is the root of anxiety and suppressed emotions. The personality will alter as well, which means dementia is hitting the frontal lobe.

The frontal lobe is at the cerebrum, which is makes up the anterior of the brain. The lobes divide into two halves of the cerebral hemisphere. The purpose is to promote reasoning, as well as learning. In addition, it allows us to utilize sensory awareness. Emotions are affected at this region of the brain. Since alzheimers disease can cause severe memory loose, which falters the persons ability to reason, learn, and use sensory awareness, at the same time faltering emotional response. In short, the frontal lobe creates our personality.

During the early phase of dementia symptoms may develop, which affect abstract or theoretical thinking, as well as judgment. Dementia may be attacking the limbic system, since this is where recent memories are stored. If a person fails to recall recent details, it can affect judgment, as well as abstract thoughts.

Once dementia attacks the frontal lobe, it affects motor speech, which may cause the patterns to alter somewhat. The frontal lobe is also, where the motor speech is present; as well, speech is located at the temporal lobe. Once patterns are interrupted the person may slur, or use words out of the ordinary. In addition, dementia affects vision. Vision is noted in the temporal lobe, and the occipital lobe. However, once you slide down the central nervous system below the spinal cord you get to PNS and CNS. The two join to make up the nervous system. PNS alone has more than 10 pairs of nerves, such as the cranial. In addition, PNS makes up another 31 spinal bundles of nerves. The units pair and join the nerves that control the bodys processes. (autonomic) PNS makes up the nervous system, which autonomics is the part that controls involuntary activities, such as reflexes, breathing, glands, heart, digestive system, etc. Glossopharyngeal, hypoglossal nerves, optic, olfactory, etc, make up this area, which dementia may be targeting, since visions are interrupted.

The root of this channel is dendrites however, which channels down to the central nervous system and onto the parts named, which can change visual fields, or patterns.

When alzheimers interrupts the mind, it causes changes in the personality, since those with alzheimers will often forget immediately visitors, etc. The person will also experience mood shifts.

alzheimers disease causes many interruptions. If your loved one is diagnosed with alzheimers disease it is wise not to let them alone, or allow them to leave the home on their own. alzheimers disease causes massive memory loss, which the person could wonder off, finding it hard to find his or her way back home.

Help with Alzheimer

Alzheimer disease (AD) arrives from a variety of complications, including Down syndrome. Alzheimer disease also spreads to dementia, which makes it a progressive condition.

Alzheimer causes a person to loose intellectual functions, which are characterized by a variety of illnesses and symptoms, including degeneration. The brain tissues begin to deteriorate and collapse over time. In addition, Alzheimer disease affects the nerve tosses, which also deteriorate and erode gradually.

alzheimers disease will gradually affect the mind to the point the patient becomes mentally less acute in the later stage. Senile causes the patient to forget and feel confused. Once maturity deficiencies increase, the problem leads to plague or epidemic buildup. In time the patient will loose microscopic strands of neurofibrillary, which occurs in cell bodies, dendrites, and axon, revolving around the nerve cells, concluding with tangling.

alzheimers disease gradually moves to dementia, which is a cognitive, intellectual deterioration. The progressive disorder deteriorates the brain tissues increasingly, thus affecting the intellectual functions. The memory losses time, place, names, etc, which the actions causing dementia derive from brain complications whereas movement is uncontrolled, as well as senses are restrained.

Over 65% of the elderly people diagnosed with dementia have a mother disease called Alzheimer. The condition often affects people 60 years of age and older. The condition will target the age group 85 years and older, which more than 30% are stricken with alzheimers disease. Amazingly, alzheimers disease only affects around 1% of the elderly generation 60 years of age.

According to statistics, around 4 million individuals in America alone are diagnosed with alzheimers disease. (AD)

At present, no one knows why, what, or how alzheimers disease starts. For this reason, patients diagnosed with alzheimers disease are recommended to stay in safe environments, as well as stable environments. Moreover, patients diagnosed with alzheimers disease are recommended to stay in familiar areas, as well as around familiar faces consistently. Medical experts are recommended to set up plans the help the patient with orientation.

How the plan works:

According to medical experts patients diagnosed with alzheimers disease and/or dementia can benefit in safe environments, especially when safety is increased. For example, family members can use large posters to leave messages for the patient diagnosed with alzheimers disease. The signs can help the patient remember what is expected of him or her.

Families are recommended to purchase ID bracelets to prevent mishaps. In addition, families are recommended to prevent accidents by concealing vehicle keys. The notion is to increase the patients safety.

If your loved one at home has been diagnosed with alzheimers disease, or dementia, experts recommend a familiar environment and people at all times. In short, avoid rearranging the environment. In addition, try to stay in a stable environment, since moving to new locations will disrupt the patient.

Stability is important. Stability gives person strength and a firm ground to stand. Experts in medicine recommend that patients diagnosed with alzheimers disease or dementia adhere to routines. The routine includes regular meal times, consistent sleeping patterns, steadfast bathing practices and so on.

In addition, you want to plan for your loved one. Experts recommend that you purchase large clocks, calendars, etc, to help the person recall dates, time, and so forth. If the patient awakens during sleep hours, you may want to provide the patient a lighted pathway. Experts recommend that families assisting loved ones who suffer with alzheimers disease or dementia keep nightlights around the home.

In addition, families are recommended to keep the patient informed by reminding him or her of the plans laid out by you or your doctor.

Health and Alzheimer Disease

How health increases risks of Alzheimer disease:

Poor health can develop into Alzheimer disease. Experts discovered the heart disease and strokes could develop particular types of dementia, which is Alzheimer disease. In addition, experts have linked Parkinsons disease to Alzheimer. Any disease that wears down the brain functions is subject to cause Alzheimer disease to develop. Parkinsons disease is a progressive degenerative disorder, which sets up deficiencies of the extra pyramidal channels. The deficiency causes dopamine, as well as acetylcholine to decrease, which affects the basal ganglia.

The disease can destroy nerve cells, which is a symptom of Alzheimer disease. Head injuries can also develop into Alzheimer disease. Since the brain tissues are damaged, it affects the nerve cells, fibers, blood flow, etc. The condition is in conjunction with Alzheimer symptoms and/or cause.

How can one prevent Alzheimer disease?

Experts tell us that routine exercise, activities, eating proper and so forth will reduce risks of Alzheimer disease. Experts have found that ALC, which is a supplement sold in Europe has proven to decrease risks of Alzheimer disease.

The prime health factors doctors focus on is ADRD, i.e. heart disease, strokes, and disease. Experts claim that if risks are reduced it can also reduce the risks of Alzheimer disease.

Because mitochondria stores the cellular energy, which is reduced with age, experts found that maintaining balance could help reduce risks of Alzheimer disease. Aging disease is commonly known as mitochondrial disorder. The condition can cause amino acids to deactivate. The acids involve itself in the transporting of fatty acids. The cell that produces energy when deficient will cause a series of disorders in the brain, which increases the risk of Alzheimer disease.

Experts have discovered that maintaining a healthy balance of platelets can also reduce risks of Alzheimer disease. Platelets are blood particles that involve in blood clotting. The colorless platelets are shaped like disks. Platelets develop in large bulks in the blood.

Recently, experts found that drinking one to three alcohol drinks weekly could reduce heart disease, strokes, etc, which can also reduce risks of Alzheimer disease. Excessive alcohol consumption however can increase the risks.

How does Alzheimer affect the person?

Alzheimer can cause the person to loose his or her intellectual functions. The degenerative disease is characterized by a series of disorders. The brain tissues will start to deteriorate. The result causes the brain tissues to collapse. Alzheimer disease (AD) affects the nerve tissues. Slowly the disease tears down the brain functions until it arrives at the central nervous system. (CNS) The condition causes the patient to become less aware. Senile conditions cause the patient to forget and feel confused. As the disease progresses the patient will have deficient dendrites, mitochondria, and so forth. The condition causes plaque buildup, which the patient will loose microscopic neurofibrillary fibers. At this stage the cell bodies, dendrites, axon, etc, that surround the nerve cells tangle, which channels down to the central nervous system.

Experts claim that caring for Alzheimer patients, i.e. it is important to consider neurological disorders, as well as the central nervous system. Experts will thoroughly assess the anatomy and physiology aspects to plan and implement treatment that will assist the patient in stability.

How do doctors detect symptoms of Alzheimer?

Doctors will review family history to detect Alzheimer disease. Experts include physical exams, diagnostic testing, etc. In addition, experts will identify changeable and non-changing risk factors.

Patients with Alzheimer disease often receive treatment that prompts the nerve impulses to continue transmitting messages to the central nerve system and the brain. Education is important, which doctors attempt to inform the patient of his or her condition. In addition, the patient learns how to assist with healthcare.

Fighting Alzheimers disease

alzheimers disease is a disorder of the mind. The disorder often causes progressive memory loss, as well as robbing those who suffer the disease of their intellectual purpose. alzheimers disease runs along the course and aside dementias. Dementias are a cognitive deterioration, as well as intellectual decaying of the mind. The disorder progressively works to deteriorate the intellectual purpose, robbing the soul of memory. Dementias often occurs while the brain is functioning, i.e. controlling progress, or movement, etc, which the senses are detained.

alzheimers often targets the older generation. In fact, the older generation often experiences at one time various disorders of the mind, including Alzheimer. Technically, alzheimers disease is a medical disorder, since it causes dementias. The degenerative illness affects the brain, usually late in ones life.

According to medical experts, such as those who specialize in geriatrician, claim that socialism and its roles are one of the leading factors that characterize diseases in which the older generation develops. According to medical experts, older people who do not socialize or live alone is subject to alzheimers disease, dementias, and various other brain disorders. In addition, medical experts claim that elders with a higher education can detect disorders of the mind sooner than those with lower education do. The experts are venturing to say that if symptoms are noted sooner, intervention strategies can reduce the amount of those suffering alzheimers disease, or related disorders.

The economics also factors into health. Health care is the leading cause that many people do not seek complete medical attention. According to medical experts the older generation has less insurance coverage than any other group of societians. Lack of healthcare leaves the older souls fighting their own illnesses without the medical care they deserve. In fact the economic conditions has lead to increases in Parkinsons disease, Osteoporosis, Hypothyroidism, Strokes, Urine incontinence, herpes zoster shingles, bedsores, diabetes, prostatic hyperplasia, and so on.

The problem behind healthcare limits has caused enormous conditions in the system, such as alzheimers disease. The disease if noted earlier is curable, yet because many people lack medical care, thus the disease develops into a life-long condition that has no cure.

The problem continues, since the older generation develops several diseases at a single time. The conditions causes interruptions as the chain reaction of diseases affect the other. For instance, those with alzheimers develop dementias, which work against the first disease and causes rapid deterioration.

As well as socializing, economics, etc, the older generation will also delay medical conditions once symptoms develop. For instance, an older person may develop a cold, and put it off, failing to realize that the immune system has weaken as they have grown, which the cold could develop into pneumonia.

In addition, behind all diseases, depression follows. Depression will work against the disease, which increases the symptoms. Depression often affects the mental and emotional well-being, thus causing dejection, falls, sadness, and hopelessness to rob the soul of medical treatment. Depression will also recess the person, causing provisional loss of self-rule, which can lead to undeviating loss.

Geriatrists often look for answers to reduce such problems as discussed. The doctors who specialize in healthcare for senior citizens has advised the older generation, as well as loved ones to join in multi-disciplinary healthcare. Instead of the elders planning their own care, the strategy moves experts in healthcare, as well as social workers to plan healthcare strategies for the older souls. Of course, each member involved with the executed plan has an overseeing physician.

Perhaps to reduce diseases that target the older generation, the implemented plans is not enough however.

Economy and Alzheimer

How the economy affects the mind

Recent studies have showed that alzheimers disease is accelerating. The cause is linked to education, healthcare, social, and economy. Lack of education alone can diminish the changes of a person noting symptoms that link to alzheimers disease. Social avoidance is another interest that peeked, the interest of experts. Experts feel that those who do not socialize often may develop symptoms of Alzheimer.

Healthcare faults are a leading cause as to why the figure of alzheimers disease is climbing the ladder. Expert tells us that cures are available, especially if symptoms are noted early. Yet, healthcare costs make it impossible for some people to seek proper medical care. For this reason, healthcare experts who focus on senior citizens are shaking their hind legs to find alternatives.

alzheimers forms as dementia, the condition can cause the acceleration of progeroid syndrome. Progeroid syndrome prompts early aging signs that increase dramatically. This means that the lifespan is shortened. Ironically, alzheimers disease targets the older generation of people, yet the syndrome progeroid will affect young children, causing them to bald, hunchback, or accelerate aging.

Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome is a form of progeria, which is linked to alzheimers disease. In addition, Werners syndrome is also linked to Alzheimer. Likely if the patient is diagnosed with Werners disease, later he will be diagnosed with Down syndrome, and finally Alzheimer. As you can see, Alzheimer is a series of disorders. Alzheimer is the relative to progeroid syndrome.

How does Down syndrome cause Alzheimer?

Down syndrome will speed up the aging process. The disorder targets insulin, glucose, etc, which is where we get our source of energy. Sugar within glucose promotes fats, proteins, and carbohydrates. If the region is disturbed, it can cause the blood vessels to intolerance. Slowly the disease will affect the body. Down syndrome unfortunately can cause cancer, or bone disease.

Down syndrome causes the patients to lose hair. The condition can also lead to premature death. Down syndrome targets the CNS (Central Nervous System). The patient may become retarded. The disease causes the brain to deteriorate, which alzheimers disease develops and gradually progresses to dementia.

How is the disease controlled?

Early detections are useful. If symptoms are spotted early, the doctor may find a cure, or treatments to slow the disease.

How do healthcare experts help?

Proven records show that those who communicate effectively with their healthcare provider can livelonger and happier.

Patients with Alzheimer disease, at the early stage should talk often with their provider, as well as participate in care. The patient should visit his or her medical experts frequently. Sister diseases will often counteract the other, which can make the condition more threatening. According to experts, if a doctor can detect the warnings early, it is possible to cure the disease.

How do doctors cure the disease?

I am not sure. I believe they use medications, Ginkgo Biloba, Vitamins, Fish Oil, etc to cure the disease. Experts found that particular vitamins, Ginkgo Biloba, Fish Oil, fruits, vegetables, etc have proven useful in slowing alzheimers symptoms.

How do doctors handle the patient?

Doctors are aware that the patient will suffer short-term memory loss at first. The doctor may calmly explain in details to the patient what he or she needs to do. Family members should participate to assist the patient. In fact, having family members present is smart, since the patient could walk out the door and forget every word his doctor said.

alzheimers disease is a series of disorders, yet in many cases, the patient had no apparent medical condition, such as heart disease that causes suffering. Yet, strokes and heart disease is linked to Alzheimer.

Down with Alzheimer

How disease cause Alzheimer disease

Particular aging diseases cause the disease Alzheimer. Down syndrome for instance, is one of the leading causes of Alzheimer disease. The illness may develop early, which the symptoms include hair loss, hunchback, etc. As the disease progresses Alzheimer slips in to continue degenerating, the brain tissues.

How Alzheimer destroys the brain:
Alzheimer disease starts out with mild symptoms. The disease targets the intellectual functions, causing the patient to forget recent events. Alzheimer targets the neuron structure, such as nerve cells, dendrites, axon, nerve impulses, and so forth. As the brain starts to deteriorate, senile tangling causes confusion, which increases memory loss.

At the progressive stage of Alzheimer, plague builds in the brain. The build up causes the brain to decrease atomic layers of neurofibrillary. This moves to the degenerative stage, i.e. at an increasing level. The disease will then destroy cell bodies, dendrites and axon, which surround the nerve cells. The disease continues to destroy the brain, which finally the illness reaches the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the spinal cord. Now we have a problem, since the four lobes that rest in the brain are affected.

At the front of the brain, the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe and the occipital lobe rest. The frontal and temporal lobes are targeted, since the frontal lobe is where the intellectual functions reside. Personality and motor speech is also at the frontal lobe. The frontal and temporal lobe store recent memories. The purpose of the temporal lobe is to provide us sensations.

Before Alzheimer reaches the central nervous system, it affects dendrites. The neurons make up the anatomy of nerve cells, which is the underlying structure of the Central Nervous System. (CNS)

CNS relies on dendrites to transmit nerve impulses from nerve cells and cell bodies. The messages reach the nerve endings and the brain. Amidst dendrites are synapse, which dual nerve cells tip the cells and nerve fibers. If the cells touch, messages are sent to the muscles, glands, organs, etc. Neurotransmitters (Nerve Impulses) are affected at this time, which also causes an interruption of endorphins, serotonin, acetylcholine, dopamine, gamma-aminobutyric acids, and norepineprhine. At this point, the brain does not receive messages from the bodies of cells and nerve impulses. Once serotonin is deficient, it slows the intellectual functions.

The cause of Parkinsons disease is related to deficiencies of acetylcholine and dopamine, which you can now see how the disease can cause the development of alzheimers disease as well.

The central nervous system is essential. In addition, a healthy spinal cord or column is vital to promote good health. The brain separates into two halves and relies on lobes to promote personality, speech, sensations, etc. If the lobes are challenged, we see that Alzheimer can cause the personality to change, slurring of words, voice change, and so on. Alzheimer strikes out at all the vital functions of the human body and mind, which the disease slowly deteriorates the intellectual functions, cognitive functions, speech, etc.

Can a patient recover from Alzheimer disease?

Not if the patient did not notice, early warning signs and sought medical help immediately. Once the disease develops, it slowly kills the brain. The disease slowly wears down dendrites, brain cells, etc, until finally the muscles are weak. At this stage, the person looses feeling, which pain is obsolete. The sensations, intellectual functions, cognitive functions, etc, are damaged to the point, there is no cure.

How do families cope with alzheimers disease?

It depends on the family. Some families will keep the patient at home, taking care of them. Other families find the disease overwhelming stressing, thus the may allow medical experts to take care of the loved one.

Down with Alzheimer Disease

Down syndrome is one of the leading causes behind alzheimers disease and dementia. In fact, some illnesses start at early stages in life and gradually work its way up to alzheimers disease. alzheimers disease is a series of illnesses that gradually leads to dementia. However to understand alzheimers disease, dementia, Down syndrome, etc, you must understand dendrites.

alzheimers disease slowly affects the brain. The condition affects tithe patient, which causes him or her to become mentally delicate. The senile condition leads to confusion and memory loss. As the disease progresses, the problems continue to plague the brain. The patient gradually looses atomic strands of neurofibrillary. The condition develops into a degeneration state, which causes deterioration of cell bodies, dendrites, and axon, which surround the nerve cells. Now if you dare to venture we can travel down dendrite lane to see why this element causes alzheimers disease to develop into dementia.

First, understand that to date there is no explanation to reach the cause of alzheimers disease. Yet, I dare to venture and explore its cause. Dendrites are neurons within the anatomy, which these nerve cells make up the fundamental structure of the Central Nervous System. Now, if you would read the history of medical complications, you would see that most diseases target the Central Nervous System. (CNS)

Within the central nervous system, dendrites consist of axon (The extension of nerve cells, which transmit impulses to external cell bodies) and cell bodies. The elements join by enclosing around neurological conducts of impulses and spread transversely and from corner to corner crossways of the space amid nerve endings. (Synapse) The junction amid the two nerve cells is shaped similar to clubs, and at the tips of the cells are nerve fibers. The fibers nearly stroke the other cells in an effort to convey signals to the muscles and glands, finally reaching the organs. Now, if these nerves are interrupted the neurotransmitters, which include serotonin, endorphins, acetylcholine, dopamine, norepineprhine, and lastly gamma-aminobutyric acids will cause a disruption of nerve impulses and its process to transmit signals. We see a series of deterioration starting to unfold.

NOTE: Serotonin is neurotransmitter chemicals, which derive from amino acids, such as tryptophan. The nerve chemicals are widely spread out to tissues and acts as a chemical that carries communication between nerves. (Neurotransmitters) The messages are carried amid a selection of nerve cells and amid nerve cells, which signal the muscles. The action causes impulses to constrict blood vessels at damaged sites, which if serotonin is interrupted it will cause states of emotional response.

We see that when serotonin is interrupted it affects the emotions, which slows intellectual actions.

Dendrites channel through to the central nervous system. In this area the brain and spinal cord meets with CNS. The brain makes up cerebral divisions that separate into two halves and contain eight lobes, i.e. four lobes on both halves each. At the front lobes is where the personality develops, as well as motor speech and intellectual functions. Now, alzheimers disease diminishes the intellectual functions, which means the disease is striking the frontal lobe perhaps initially. Ultimately, the disease has affected the nerve cells, muscles, and CNS, which slowly moves to deteriorate the frontal lobe by blocking its development.

Many experts are led to believe that outside illnesses cause symptoms of alzheimers disease to develop. Perhaps the notion is logically. Yet, if you consider that dendrites make up the parietal lobe, which is where sensations start and carry over to integrate with sensory, and finally forms a relationship with spatial which is space, we see that perhaps this space is blocked. Now, if alzheimers disease targets the parietal lobe, which extends to space that heightens sensory consciousness and targets the sense organs, we see that awareness is diminished.

Diagnosis of Alzheimer

As a person diagnosed with alzheimers disease progresses in his or her condition, symptoms such as psychoses set in. In time, the person will require complete healthcare assistance, since the disease will disable the person permanently. alzheimers will also make it difficult for the person to eat, sleep, speak, and swallow, and so on. The person is at risk of infections, which can cause complete disability. The person at this state is at risk of death and/or coma.

Once a patient is diagnosed with progressive alzheimers disease, it restricts him or her to the point of immobility, at this stage, doctors estimate that the patient will not live longer than a few months. Once diagnosed the patient is expected to live a few short years.

Diagnostics:

If a patient is suffering dementia symptoms, such as severe memory loss a doctor will consider alzheimers disease. An autopsy unfortunately is the only way that doctors can determine if brain tissues and cells are degenerative, yet most times a doctor can note symptoms that make it apparent that alzheimers disease is present.

Autopsy is the process of using microscopic tools to view the brain. If alzheimers disease is present, the exam will show traces of neurofibrillary tangles, dead nerve cells, plaque senile, and so on. The senile plaques will often enclose amyloid. The examiner is able to see the condition by using microscopic tools, which also helps him or her to see where the amyloid is located. Usually, amyloid moves toward the temporal lobe, which is located in the brain. The temporal lobes are where new memories come alive.

The lobes within the brain comprise the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, and the occipital lobe. The frontal lobe is where the personality develops, as well as the intellectual functions. In addition, the frontal lobe is where our motor speech develops.

The temporal lobe enables us to smell, taste, hear, and speak. Since amyloid targets the temporal lobe, we can assume that it also deteriorates the limbic system. The limbic system is where we pull up new memories. We also receive our stimulus that arouses our attention, as well as our responses come from the limbic system. In addition, we receive somewhat of our natural responses in the limbic system to the stimuli.

Recently experts are challenging new tests that may help them to see if alzheimers underlying elements are present in the brain. The new tests are not in concrete, yet many studies are underway. In the future, we can expect quicker diagnoses, since doctors will not have to wait for autopsies to view the internally brain tissues and cells.

At present experts, rely on medical histories, which include meds, physical and mental condition, over-the-counter meds taken, etc. Doctors will also review mental stability, which includes assessing the sensory receptors. That is the doctor will ask the patient to recall a time and/or place, as well as check his or her understanding, ability to remember, and his or her way of relying the story. In addition, doctors will check motor skills by issuing memory tests, testing language, coordination, and so forth.

During testing, the expert will evaluate nutrition, pulse rates, and blood pressure. Balance, sensation, etc are tested as well to verify the condition of the central nervous systems responses.

Brain scans are used in some instances, as well as laboratory tests. The tests assist the expert with seeing the cause. Urine and blood tests are frequent. The patient may also be requested to visit a mental health facility. Doctors often require an assessment of emotional or emotive factors, as well as mood condition that may relate to alzheimers disease.

Diabetes and Alzheimer

Diabetes is the leading cause of carotid bruit a condition of the heart. In addition, diabetes the mother of all diseases is responsible for alzheimers disease in some instances. If the patient has a level 1 EBM, it increases his or her risk. The risks include VD impairments, as well as AD impairments. AD/VD impairments lead to damage. Diabetes itself will destroy nearly every organ in the human body. The disease will damage the brain, which symptoms will emerge blocking the blood from traveling freely to the brain, as well as harden the blood vessels, making them brittle, thus killing cells, tissues, etc, in between.

Diabetes includes mellitus and insipidus. Mellitus is an inveterate disorder, which carbohydrates breakdown metabolism altering fats and proteins along the way. In all, there are five types of mellitus, which include Type 1-5. The condition causes insulin failure, which blocks its supply. The autoimmune disease can lead to defected receptors within the natural insulin-responsive cells. Genetics play a part in its cause, which can lead to infections, Cushings syndrome, surgery, hyperthyroidism, etc.

The disorder causes dehydration, weakness, pain, fatigue, a series of infections etc. The point is each element of diabetes can break down the cells, block blood flow, etc, which can induce alzheimers disease.

Glucose is essential. If you maintain glucose, you can avert diabetes, as well as infections and alzheimers disease perhaps. Glucose will cause memory impairments, impaired cognitive functions, etc. On the other hand, if you have dementia, alzheimers disease, or diabetes, you can control glucose, which can improve memory. Glucose is our source of sugar energy, which its biochemistry produces simple sugars from fats, carbohydrates, and proteins. Syrup has a constituents that make up glucose, including maltose, dextrin, dextrose, etc, which is obtained from starches. If the glucose level is low, it can set up a condition known as hypoglycemia. This condition alone will produce Alzheimer symptoms, including memory loss. The cognitive functional elements are obstructed as well.

Complications of mellitus diabetes lead to hypoglycemia, which makes the persons hands tremble. The person will feel hunger, weak, confused, etc, and the symptoms put him or her at risk of tachycardia, diplopia, pallor, diaphoresis, etc. Speech will slur. The person will endure headaches. Ketoacidoisis is a diabetic coma, which puts the patient at great risk.

Now, diabetes insipidus is a concern, since the disorder arises from brain surgeries, brain injuries, meningitis, idiopathic, tumors, trauma, etc. The condition affects the posterior lobe, which rests at the central area of the brain on the lower scale. Here is where the pituitary glands rest also, which the deficiency of vasopressin (ADH) secretes via the post lobe and onto the neurohypophysis, or pituitary gland.

How to reduce symptoms and maintain glucose

Exercise is essential for diabetics, as well as every person alive. Exercise works all the body parts, which promotes energy, glucose, stamina, and good health. If you are prescribed medications, do not miss regimes. Take your medication as prescribed to reduce your risks. In addition, you want to include in your diet refined sugar.

One of the best books Ive ever read that talks about insulin and glucose is the title the Zone. The book is written by Barry Sears. I recommend you read the book, especially if you have diabetes or dementia.

The best way to maintain your health and glucose level is to eat healthy, exercise, and watch your sugar intake. In addition to healthy eating, exercise etc. You want to learn more about your condition. As well, it is wise to learn more about glucose, and the steps to avert alzheimers disease. Education plays a vital part in our life. Studies have shown that those who stay informed stay healthy.

Developing Alzheimer Disease

alzheimers disease (AD) will cause a person to develop symptoms 25 years after the first stage. If this is true, we can safely say that the disease may be present sooner than most people realize.

How does Alzheimer disease develop?

Alzheimer develops, since it shrinks the brain tissues, cells, fibers, nerves, etc. The condition is interesting, since it causes a person to shrink back to infancy before it finally claims a life. What is interesting also is that doctors are recently finding that drugs burn out dendrites in the brain, which causes memory loss. Doctors claim genetics is one of the potential causes of Alzheimer disease, yet other causes are unknown.

Once Alzheimer symptoms develop, a collection of beta amyloid plague builds up. The clustering will cause damage to the intellectual functions. Once the intellectual functions at the frontal lobe are damaged, it affects the senses and cognitive actions.

How many people are estimated to have Alzheimer disease?

According to experts, one of two families in America will challenge symptoms of Alzheimer. Presenting more than 4.4 million people in America alone has Alzheimer disease. The estimated rate is supposed to double annually. Each year billions of dollars is spent to treat Alzheimer disease. In the UK, more than 800,000 citizens are diagnosed with Alzheimer disease. The United Kingdom experts say that in the next few years the figure will double. Frighteningly, statistics noted that every two seconds, someone is diagnosed with Alzheimer disease. In the world, more than 24 million people are diagnosed with Alzheimer disease.

How do doctors consider cause?

Geriatrists are experts who study Alzheimer patients. The experts have found that economy, socialism, education, and healthcare play a part in the cause of Alzheimer. Since healthcare insurance is forsakenly, priced, elderly people rarely get the treatment they deserve. If the condition is caught early, doctors say that Alzheimer disease can be cured. Due to selfishness and greed however, the price of healthcare insurance increases, as well the diseases inflate.

The older generation who lack education is subject to Alzheimer disease, according to experts. That is if the patient has potential risks, he or she may not be able to take measures to slow Alzheimer disease. Education is important.

What is Alzheimer disease?

Alzheimer disease is a series brain disorders. The disease accelerates aging, which can arise from Hutchinson-Gilford, and Progeroid syndromes or extend to the disease. At this stage, the patient will loose hair, perhaps weight, etc. The patient is often senile at this point.

Hutchinson-Gilford and Progeroid causes aging symptoms prematurely to arise. While the disease affects the elder generation, children sometimes develop symptoms that arise from progeroid. Hair loss, wrinkling skin, dry skin, hunchback, and so forth are common symptoms of progeroid. Progeroid conditions will sterilize male reproduction organs and affect the females reproductive organs, causing menstrual cycles to cease.

Hutchinson-Gilford and Werners syndrome develops early, yet as the person ages, Werners syndrome develops. Experts blame the disease on DNA and RNA genetic factors. Werners disease develops into scleroderma, which causes the skin to thicken, harden, and progressively age. Hutchinson-Gilford, Werners, etc, are linked to Alzheimer disease.

Werners disease accelerates aging, which can cause lung disease. The condition also can develop into atherosclerosis.

What causes Alzheimer disease?

Experts are not clear on what causes Alzheimer disease. The disease is a brain destroyer that works by damaging various parts of the brain slowly.

Is there a cure for Alzheimer Disease?

Experts claim if the disease is caught early, there is a cure. The problem however is due to high costs of insurance, healthcare, economy, poor education, etc; the disease is rarely caught early.

CNS and the Alzheimer

alzheimers disease is believed to arise from abnormalities in amyloaid proteins, which primarily makes up the cause of the disorder in the Caucasian race. Experts have reviewed apolilipoproteins while considering Apo E, which starts at one and expands to four. alzheimers disease is a degenerative brain disorder, which destroys the never cells.

Nerve cells start with neurons, yet it stretches to the Central Nervous System. (CNS) CNS is the root of the cerebral channel, which makes up the spinal cord and four lobes, including the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, and the occipital lobe. The lobes is where we get our personality, intellectual actions, speech, senses, space, and the ability to see, hear, taste, communicate and smell.

Amyloaid-proteins reach CNS and the brain. The lobes work in conjunction with our diencephalons, which is a section of the brain. Diencephalons sit in the center cavity of the brain, just on top of the stem. Diencephalons make up the brain part, such thalamus, and hypothalamus. Thalamus pairs and shapes like an egg forming masses of gray matter that lie below each cerebral hemisphere within the brain. Thalamus conveys sensory (Sensations) stimulus of temperature, pain and feel to the outer layers of the body, such as the kidney, brain, cortex, etc.

Hypothalamus is also a section of the central brain that rests at the underside. The brain section controls involuntary functions, i.e. respiration, temperature, emotional states, and blood pressure.

Diencephalons are the central cavity of the brain that rests at the stem. Diencephalons makes up our nerve fibers, which are whitish strands that sit at the outer layers of the brainstem (pons Varolii) and amid the lower section of the brain (Medulla oblongata) Medulla connects to the vertebrates, which stretches to the spinal cord. The purpose of Medulla is to control involuntary vital actions, including the lung and heart.

The central brain makes up the bodily structure known as tectum, which extends to the frontal section of the cerebral peduncles within the brain. This is an area of concern, especially for those diagnosed with alzheimers, since the peduncles is the intellectual area of the brain, which involves our psychological progressions, such as thinking, reasoning, etc, yet it does not include the emotions. alzheimers disease causes major memory loss, yet rarely are emotional interruptions presented.

The CNS combines with the cerebral and connects to various areas past the Diencephalons. Medulla oblongata spreads out as well to blood supply and down to the reticular complex activation system, which synchronizes the input sensory. (Sensations)
The activators regulate arousal and stimulus as well. The activators move down to the corpus callosum. Within the region are masses of tissues and fiber nerves, which send impulses to the intellectual mind, or brain. Past the blood-brain barrier is the limbic structure.

The limbic system makes up the brains nuclei system, which interconnects and supplies our essential needs behind emotions, such as pain, hunger, satisfaction, pleasure, sex, and instinctive motivation. At the base of this limbic system is the spinal cord. Within the spinal cord, we have motor tracts, which descend and ascend white matters. Now, if you are familiar with the skeletal structure, you probably know that inside these cavities are motor sensory that either promote movement, or else halts movement. If the brain is not moving at a proper volume, it can interrupt the memories ability to recall. The limbic system is where fresh memories rest.

alzheimers disease is a degenerative disorder that kills the living cells. The living cells target the main structure of the human body, i.e. the central nervous system. Dendrites start at the top of this structure, which its symptoms when impaired, include memory impairment, loss of balance and coordination, mental confusion an excitement, and so on.

Causes of Alzheimer

alzheimers disease presently is a confusing disease, since experts are unclear as to what causes the condition. According to experts, genes (DNA/RNA) play a part in what causes the disorder. Particular areas of DNA and RNA when abnormal may be linked to the disease that causes memory loss. Apo-E, or apolipoprotein deficiencies is said to link to alzheimers disease. The apolipoprotein are proteins that carry lipids (Lipoprotein) within the bloodstream. The proteins contain lipid molecules. Lipids are fat constituents that group with organic compounds that consist of carbohydrates, fats, oils, etc. The elements relate to substances and work along with atomic arrangements within the living cells. Alipoproteins work with lipid whereas cholesterol is transferred through its channel and into the bloodstream.

Apo-E makes up three groups. The groups include Apo-E2, Apo-E3, and Apo-E4. According to experts, Apo-E4 is commonly linked to alzheimers disease. Experts claim that Apo-E4 is partially responsible for alzheimers disease developing at an early age. At present complications that cause deficiencies of E2 and three, have no apparent traces that link it to alzheimers disease.

alzheimers disease causes sections of the brain to disintegrate. The condition destroys the nerve cells, which transmit signals to the brain, muscles, etc. Once the condition destroys the nerves, it reduces receptiveness of continuing nerve cells. The condition begins to slow, or cause failure to nerve impulses, which transmit signals to the brain. Neurotransmitters are chemical carrying nerve impulses, which send communication between the nerves. The messages communicate with nerve cells, muscles, etc.

Once the neurotransmitters are affected, it begins to damage the brain tissues. The tissues and nerves once damaged cause a condition, such as Senile, and/or neuritic plague, to set in, i.e. a cluster of dead cells will cause the production of amyloid. Amyloid affects the organs, tissues, etc, which can cause serious conditions to emerge when the insoluble proteins build. In fact, amyloid acids are linked to multiple myeloma, rheumatoid arthritis, and tuberculosis. Amyloid proteins contain polysaccharides, which when the proteins combine it causes degenerative conditions that emerge from impaired tissues.

Amyloid also leads to neurofibrillary tangling. The condition entangles amyloid within the nerve cells. alzheimers disease speeds up this condition. Naturally, amyloids build in our system as we age, yet the production if faster when alzheimers disease is present.

I wanted to note that if the neurotransmitters are impaired it affects serotonin, endorphins, acetylcholine, dopamine, norepineprhine, and gamma-aminobutyric acids. If elements that link to the nerves are interrupting the neurotransmitters, it causes a deficiency or over consumption of serotonin, endorphins, acetylcholine, dopamine, norepineprhine, and last but not least gamma-aminobutyric acids. The disruptive condition will cause a commotion, which affects the nerve impulses. The nerve impulses process communication and transmit signals.

Serotonin is our neurotransmitter chemicals. The chemicals stem from amino acids, which are commonly known as tryptophan. Nerve chemicals spread out widely channeling to the tissues carrying communication between nerves, or neurotransmitters.

Messages transmit amidst an array of nerve cells, which gestures the muscles. Throughout the process, impulses are propelled down the channel to constrict blood vessels near damaged sites. Serotonin can cause interruption to the emotional responses, which also slows intellectual thinking.

alzheimers disease gradually causes dementia to set in, which dementia is a cognitive disorder that deteriorates the intellectual mind. The progressive disease deteriorates the intellectual functions, which is why alzheimers disease causes memory loss. Movement is controlled by cognitive intellect, which senses are restrained if interruptions are present. Still, we need to study Apo-E4, and its constituents, such as fats, oils, and carbohydrates to see how it can link to alzheimers disease.

Caring for a loved one with Alzheimer disease

As a family member of a love one with alzheimers disease, it was hard for us to understand the whole illness but as time went on and we learned more about the condition, it wasnt hard to understand.

It started back when I was still in school, we couldnt understand why grandma would always forget where she was going. She would get lost and we would always worry about grandmas whereabouts. So my grandpa finely gave the car away, since then she wasnt able to drive anymore.

Grandma didnt want to lose her driver license. For that was her independent. It was sad but we had to do it to keep her safe and we as family felt better knowing that grandma wouldnt be out in the streets lost.

Then as time went by, we noticed more things about grandma that wasnt right. I would go to her house as I always did and noticed that she was putting newspaper in the oven and turning on the stove. One day I went to grandmas house and it was smoking. I thought for minutes that she had burnt something while she was cooking but I got to looking and I found the newspaper in the stove.

I asked grandma what she was tying to do and she couldnt remember. I was scared at that point so I moved in next door to my grandparents. Living next doors, I could be there to watch her without her knowing what I was doing. The move was a big help.

I would go over there to visit. She didnt know what I was really doing. It got harder everyday for us to see the illness was taking my grandma. We would always say she would get better but she never did.

Grandma didnt like baths. We would have to give her a bath and she would just hate that. That was a hard day for us. No one wanted to give grandma a bath because she would act out so bad. But as we learned about all this, we found out that people with alzheimers does not like any form of water. So we would then just wash her up and that was better for us. We then had peace when it was bath day.

We would let grandma go shopping for the home and she would go to the bathroom when we would leave. But she would always end up going in her pants. So we would have to go back home and change her. She couldnt figure out what was wrong with her. It was hard for her as well because at that point she knew something was wrong but didnt know what.

It got to the point that grandma would just lie around and sleep. It was too hard for us as family members to take care of grandma any more so we as family needed to have a talk and we thought it was best to put grandma in a nursing home where she could get all the help and care she needed around the clock.

It was the hardest thing we could have done as family members. Yet we knew we couldnt do it anymore. Grandma was in the nursing home for about 12 years. We as family would see grandma slowly going into her own little world.

We would go get her and bring her home for the holidays, or just go get her and take her out for ice cream. We were always there for grandma. But it was hard as loved ones to deal with this illness. It finally took grandmas life about 2 years ago. We as family miss grandma but she in a better place now, we still remember her, and all the good and bad times we had. It is hard to take care of a loved one with this illness. It is hard to deal with it because we watched grandma go from a strong healthy grandma to a sick grandma.